A Fish Aggregating Device (FAD) in Langalanga Lagoon, Solomon Islands

Developing innovative solutions to mitigate the impacts of fish aggregating devices (FADs)

About

Fish in the open ocean are attracted to structures and tend to gather around any floating object. Fishermen have long capitalized on this behavior by creating fish aggregating devices (FADs) to attract and concentrate fish in specific areas, making them easier to catch. The use of FADs is ubiquitous across tropical tuna purse seine fisheries with FAD-associated fishing accounting for close to 40% of global landings of skipjack, bigeye, and yellowfin tunas. FADs increase fishing efficiency, which means less fuel used in search of fish, higher profits, and ultimately lower consumer prices.

Currently, an estimated 20,000-40,000 drifting FADs are deployed annually in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean, with 16,000-25,000 in the Eastern Pacific Ocean. However, the widespread use of drifting FADs comes with significant environmental consequences. These devices contribute to increased bycatch of vulnerable species and pose challenges to long-term tuna sustainability. Moreover, when FADs are not retrieved, they become marine litter, drifting freely and often entangling and killing marine life. This issue is particularly concerning in French Polynesia, where FAD strandings are becoming increasingly common and causing substantial damage to local marine ecosystems, even though none of these FADs originate in French Polynesia.

This project explores innovative solutions aimed at mitigating the impacts of FADs while allowing for their continued use. 

Approach

To better understand the challenges associated with FADs, our team is conducting a comprehensive literature review of FAD solutions that have previously been proposed and discussing the implementation challenges with experts in and out of French Polynesia. We are also analyzing FAD trajectories and leveraging knowledge of relevant national and international laws to model results estimating the consequences of alternative interventions on FAD threats and strandings, and costs to the relevant stakeholders. Ultimately, we are working on developing, analyzing, and proposing a set of possible actionable solutions to FAD impacts and strandings that can be applied by policymakers and managers in French Polynesia and elsewhere.

Partners

This project is a collaboration with James Salzman (UC Santa Barbara), Don Fullerton, and The Nature Conservancy.

Header photo: A fish aggregating device (FAD) in Langalanga Lagoon, Solomon Islands. Photo by Wade Fairley. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 DEED.